Starter for internal-combustion engines.



E. A. GARDNER.

STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICAHON EILED NOV. 16. 1915.

" Patented Sept. 25,1917,

5 SHEETS'SHEET 1.

.E- A. GARDNER. STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I6. 1915.

LMLQGGQ Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2- E. A. GARDNER.

STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

I APPLICATION FILED NOV 16 1915 1,4LU. Patented Sept. 25,1917. 5SHEETSSHEET 3.

E. A. GARDNER. STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

, p e db d e t H m a D1 APPLICATION FILED NOV. I6. 1915- E. A. GARDNER.

STARTER F-OR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 16. 1915.

1 ]m i 2 mm a 2 m m Db $NM. a P mm J 0 o 1 0 Q whw TATF PATENT @FFFKQFLEDWIN ALLEN GARDNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STARTER FOB INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

1.242126%. Spe'cificationof Letters Patent. e t Sept 5, 9 7,

Application filed November 16, 1915. Serial No. 61,749.

To all whom it may concern,- For mounting my spring starter in co- Be itknown that I, EDWIN ALLEN GARD- operative relation with an internal com-NER, a citizen of the United States, residing bustion engine, I providea bracket (Fig. at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State 1), Whichmay be secured to the crank 5 of Illinois, have invented a new anduseful case of the engine or the chassis frame of Improvement inStarters for Internal-Comthe vehicle in which the engine is mounted,bustion Engines, of which the following is as is most convenient, and inthe embodia specification. ment of the invention shown in Fig. 1,

Fly invention relates to improvements in preferably at the flOIlt end Ofthe engine. 10 spring starters for internal combustion en- T e r cket 20supports the casing member gines, and my object is, in general, to imorstationary housing of my spring starter prove the construction andincrease the efwhich, as shown in the drawing, is of genficiency andutility of devices of this characlly p-s ap d onf rmation, the closedter- My spring starter is particularly deend or bottom of the cup beingsecured to 15 signed for combination with internal comthe bracket 2 asby S u s 22- The main bustion engines of the type used for driving Shaft23 f my S arter Passes cen rally motor vehicles, and with this servicein mind through the housing 21 and is supporte I have so arranged thpart f th r by a collar 2% carried by or formed inteferred constructionof my invention as to g y with the bracket Beyond this 20 make it lenditself most readily to such a 9 9% the e n 23 8 onnec ed y hecombination. In the accompanying drawslidablecoupling 23 SllOWll in Fig.12 With ings, I have illustrated a preferred einbodih Shaft Of h n l m uion nt my i ti t th ith t i gine 23. Any method of connecting thesemodificati n f th a shafts either directly or indirectly may be 25Referring to these drawings, Figure 1 is mpl yed, it being onlyessential that the a, ide, ie of a, preferred embodiment of shaft mayhave it limited move my spring starter, partly in se tio d ment as wllllater appear. Between the artly i l v ti Fi 2 a d t il ti bracket collar2% and the cas1ng 21 the shaft taken on the line 2 of Fig. 1 and showingthe 23 CaTTleS i1 flanged Coming?) Pmn'ed them 3o rewind lever and itsconnection with the e ShOWl} at helical Compression sliding shaft; Fig.3 is an enlarged section p g 26 lnterpesed between h a t 0n the 3 of 1and howing the 00119.1 24 and tilt) shaft 001121.]? 25 COllSdlflIltlY tti l t h; Fi Al a ti on th urges the shaft inward toward the casing 21.li 4 f Fi 1 h i my new f f Whthin the casing 21 there is mounted a 35coil clutch; Fig. 5 is a rear end elevation of shdmg bearing bushmgwhich r i the rewind counter-shaft and the clutchthe Shaft 23 Within itsinternal 1 n '15 releasing lever for the smne; 6 is an SPllIlBd as shownat 2 8 130 SllilG freely Withenlarged longitudinal sectional viewshowout l nlhg 111 the stat onary casing 21. The i a difi d f f i d tbushing QTCtllTlGS at its outer end a flanged 4Q h ft d l t h cti f thsame; head 29 between which and the collar 25 of Fi 7 i a i i il t Fi 1d h wthe shaft 23 there is mounted a thrust beard fi d f f th t t d i ding or washer 80. For shifting the bushing ing a mo a1 art of th 27 andthrough it the shaft 23 against the to be applied as an integr structionof the internal combustion enforce of the spring 26, there is providedapiv- 45 Fi 8 a b k d t il ti on oted lever 31mounted upon the casing 21and the line 8 of Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is an enlarged having an aperturedenlargement 32 intervertical section through the central shaft med lateits length I (Fig. 2) for bearing of my starter, showing the coil clutchused against the rear face of the bushing head 29. for both the rewindand starting clutch; The upper or free end of the lever 31 has 50 Fig.10 is an enlarged section showing a connected thereto an operating cable33 modified construction of the coil clutch which is connected with thefoot pedal 23 adapted for use as a starting clutch, Fig. 11 operatingthe clutch mechanism 23 of the is a section on the line 11 of Fig. 10,and internal combustion engine, so that when the Fig. 12 is adiagrammatic side elevation of a clutch is disengaged the cable 33 willbe 5 complete engine having my starting device pulled outwardly to rockthe lever 31 and attached thereto. shift the shaft 23 to the left asviewed in Fig. 1. As shown i capable of being er sufiticient force tionof such force t tively shifted inw cable 33. lflVithin the inner face oftl centric with the sh a hub member 35 w the casing 21 bears upon theshaft 23'a's s ward or "the bearing a cylindrical clutch ed tocooperateWit in turn cooperate 39fwh'ich maybe the shaft 23.1 casing '2l and theis provided wi 40 intoWhich-is llwhich is held a 42in the bushing nutlfis adapte end of the ca 23, for the wardi I betwe Thel face with thein'ner yond lar hook, hub spri 46 force of the coiled would shaft49-and' 56 in the reve necessary to venting v this so that by th heshaft 23 ard without surface 37 w h' clutch rol -With cam formed integr-Between thehe clutch portion th internal s'cr threaded a tr gainst' rotati 27. The ou d to bear against the inner ldiflbfi h s' 39"0n ing theshaf n1 excrescence purpose of'shift a 'thrustbearing k n themeeting-surfaces V of th s pa ts' befditiv'en in a eo'unter-clockwi f35' is provided on its outer sufaSH eiyed' from itsright-hand "end inwhich engages 1, the friction y coiled spring that'is, the enidsecuredto" the release' lerer' g being secured 61j-will caus ethi'si end tobefnioref tightly not shown. In 0rd 35 in adir'e'c'tion to co ng 455 'itis provided witl which lies outside or the serves tohold therea herewind] gear 4-6 a rewind pinion 48 or secured to a re which "isjourn'aled i the 'stationar counter-shaft as by the threads a sprocket51 whic by acha-in 52 with which is journaled u tending porti cured'against collar 55su'itably f drivingfs'pro'cket 5 or connected witha fe56 wh' ch'1ies'concentric I 23Qand is ada clutch me shaft. as s It sclear'th'at if 49 were free to move in be spring 45,- w

minediat ely. its connect rse directio supply soni reverse rot il orwind th allfl whieh will; i 7 p 1 a rewindfgear still morieft ghtly,andin" this way, as amat caslng 21 nd terof practice, the shaft 49willbeeomeab y casing 21 I re 1s secur I the drawing, ten'd'to nnc'o'ilor open the turns of the'l connected as spring, whereby they v Hsprocket 53 engageme'ntj' with the shaft, and the shaft pon theoutwardly eX" mitte t'urn freely infthe direction in on Mot the hubitudinal mov astened to the mainshaft upoiithe shaft' will be releasedpe'rat'e with a? male In orderto house or is pinned to 58in thedrawings. I

ind counter-shaft cover plate] 65 of appropriate form and v recti'ons,'tliej adapt'ec'l to'be secured in any preferred man hen the latteris"ner to the stationary casingQl. For con 125 drivethe'co'unt'erven'i'eneeiii'rewi ndingfihe spring 45 of my ed driving clutch self st k x v n.It'is therefore counter-shaftAQ outwardly 'beyondthe.holg e 'meansforpre f low boss5Q-andj to'f se'c ure 'a pin 66 in thisv ationf oftheiishaft projecting end; whereby 'a cran pted to C02) inbe'i- 57 whichn the drawings the lever 49. The means adopted in the construction ghtconstruction'and shown in Fig. 1, consists of ,a helicallytly flexed orbent uncoiled wire spring 59Wh1eh lies within an e applicaenlargement ofthe bore of the housing 50' may be posiand mostly embraces the 'shaft49. As shown 70 releasing the in the drawing, the wire of which thespring an annular groove 34 in is constructed is preferably ofrectangular bottom and concross-seetion tapering toward one end of thehereis mounted sp'risgr This small or tapered end is caught nds outwardbe in an aperture 60 of a releasing leyer 61 .75 tsoi ter'porti'on whichmaybe journaled directly upon the hown'at 36.' litshaft 'dg andsecuredagainst longitudinal portion 36 the hub 35 has movement as by a pin 62.The oppo siteenfd hich is adapt ofthe sping 59, which" end is'pr'eferably lers' 38 which circular iiis ection, is led outwardlythrough seences an aperture iii" 'tl'i ei boss 50 and sefeu r'ed' allyupon" thereto as by a nut645 engaging its threaded' ad of the extremity;The coil 59 constructed and 37' the hub mounted "as described serves asa "simple ew threads form of automatic tii' avehn'gnut' stop t'd wayclutch or rat'cl ie t it the counter-shaft toj'he on'by a spline freeyjdrnfen 1n one d rectionb'ut l30 pIf6V 81 1l3 ter'endof'theits;rotatioir'imthe"opposite direction. The

s thisi purpo e virtue h f of 'the fac'tthat itfissb'tightlyfwoulld upOn9O 1; out; the shaft 49 as tof trictionally' engage the being interposedsurta'cefol the same, Ifltherefore, this "shaft SB" direction of thefree end of the coil,

er to rotatethe will bring about a greater frictional resist coil/thespring r-plate 47;" soliitely lojcked before it has turned any per:

a ement with eep'tiblei fraction of a revolution in the di integrallywith reetien'indicated. whemhowever, the shaft 10 ounter-shaft49isloperated in the opposite direction, that ss 50 carried by isfin aclockwise direction, as viewed fromf For driving the the right-hand endinyFigf 1, thei'frictional ed thereon, engagement ofthe'spring with theshaft will ar released from their 35 and se dicatedf n orderto releasethe spring 59: ment by froin"its engagement with the shaft, thef ll5hub. The release-lever e -ma b operated in a direc formed asa'pa'rtbttionitoj uneoil the sp'ringywhereby its tri tchm'emher' tionalengagement with"and lockingaction carried thereby Q1 may provideasheet;m .1 .&l

arter manually, I prefer to extend the p 1 ex I protectfthe-projeca this'ing e'n d Of tllG shaft 23 and the clutch 57 or flevfe'r i may beconveniently applied for the manual operation of the counter-shaft.Assuming that the various elements which make up my spring starter arein the position shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing, the male clutch member57 being out of engagement with the female clutch 56 and the nut 41screwed up to the left-hand end of the screw-threads 40, the main shaft23 of the starter which is connected with the crankshaft of theinternal-combustion engine may freely revolve in its bearings withoutaffecting any other portion of the mechanism of the starter. Thisposition of the starter last described is the unwound position, and itwill be assumed that while the starter is in this condition, theinternal-combustion engine is operating under load. It is the customarypractice to release the clutch mechanism of such engines, that is, tounload the engine, before stopping. the same. When, therefore, theoperator of the engine desires to stop the same, he will first operatethe clutch pedal 23 to remove the load from the engine. 31 of myself-starter being connected to this clutch-operating mechanism so thatthe cable 33 is pulled at the time of disengagement of the clutch, thelever 31 will be rocked about its pivot and will operate upon the head29 of the bushing 27 to withdraw this bushing from the casing 21,thereby shifting the shaft 23 longitudinally in its bearings until themale clutch 57 engages the female clutch 56, this shifting movement 0the shaft 23 being permitted by its oonnections with the shaft of theinternal combustion engine.

The continued operatlon o the internal combustion engine will drive theshaft 23 and through the clutch mechanism 56, 57 and sprocket and chainconnections 53, 52, 51, will drive the rewind counter-shaft 49. Therewind pinion 48 of this shaft being in engagement with the hub gear 46will thereupon rotate this hub in a counter-clockwise direction, asviewed in Fig. 3, to coil up or wind the spring 45. It will beunderstood that this rotation of the hub 35 will be permitted b theroller clutch connecting the same with the shaft 23. As the hub 35revolves, the traveling nut 41 which is threaded therein will be movedto the right, as viewed in Fig. 1, the screwthreaded engagement betweenthe hub and the nut I such movement, until at the time the spring 45 iscompletely rewound, the right-hand end of the nut 41 will engage thethrust bearing 43. and positively force the shaft 23 to the right asviewed in Fig. 1, thereby disengaging the clutch 57 from the clutch 56.Either the cable 33 or the lever 31 or some other portion of themechanism connecting these parts with the clutch of the internalcombustion engine is designed to have sufficient The cable 33 attachedto the lever being properly designed to efiect elasticity to permit ofthis shifting of the shaft 23. As soon as the clutch 57 has beendisengaged from the rewind clutch 56, the hub 35 will come to rest, thespring being prevented from unwinding by reason of the spring-lock 59 ofthe counter-shaft 49. The starter is now rewound and the internalcombustion engine may be stopper. It will be understood that the normalrate of speed of an ordinary internal combustion engine is so high that,in practice, the rewinding operation above described will be completecin the minutest interval of time and practically coincident with thedisengagement of the clutch mechanism of the internal combustion engine,so that immediately after such disengagement the engine may be stoppedas in common practice.

When it is desired to start the engine, the release lever 61 will beoscillated in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed from the left-handend of the shaft 49 in Fig. 1, whereby the locking coil 59 of thecountershaft will be released from its engagement with the same. Theforce of the spring 45 acting upon the hub 35 will then cause the latterto revolve in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 3, whereby therollers 38 are forced upwardly upon the cam eXcrescences 39 of the mainshaft 23, and this latter shaft is rotated in its normal or-forwarddirection to start the internal combustion engine. During this clockwiserotation of the hub 35, the screw-threads 40 thereof will act to retractor move the nut 41 to the left, so that when the spring is completelyunwound this nut will again occupy the position shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawing. This completes the cycle of operation of the starter.

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated a modification of the re-wind counter-shaftand the method of mounting the same upon the casing. In thismodification the casing 21 has a tubular boss 67 cast integrallytherewith which receives and supports a stub-shaft 68 shoulderedintermediate its length as at 69 and locked in position by means of anut 70. The outwardly extending headed end 70 serves as a journal for arewind pinion 71 and sprocket 72 which are preferably secured togetheras by the screw-threads shown in the drawing and correspond with thepinion 48 and sprocket 51 of the construction shown in Fig. 1 Beyond thesprocket 72 there is journaled upon the shaft end 7 O a brake pulley 73.Between an outer hub 74 of this brake pulley and a mating inner hub 7 5formed on the sprocket 7 2, there are mounted clutch rollers 7 6, thetwo hubs and these rollers forming an automatic clutch of the generaltype shown in Fig. 3. The brake pulley 73 is designed to have appliedthereto any preferred form of friction brake, by means of which thepulley and consequently the sprocket 7 2 and rewind gear 71 may belocked to-prevent un and may be released unwind for the pu motor.

numeral 77 desi internal combus head of which i periphery o clutch membclutch,

clutchframe, and at its inn lar 82 pinnedto the 1s collar 8 around thedr starter. of sprin trated iIi Fi. my starter here de general form as tand is mounted ferred means .(n' serves to su operating shaft'80 in theto. bear shaf agai nates the cranktion engine, to. s secured a fivltsconnec engagement there is'provided bears. atits outer'endmechanismconnected to this shaft at a time some portion of the. whendthje clutch79- is; out ofyengagement or end against av col with. the motorfly-wheel 78- Assuming that Between the. motor to whlch the flywheel 78iscon .78, and. nected isin operation, and that the clutch y spring. 79is in engagement, the drive. shaft 80 andits drive-shaft.

and the fiy-wheelv ive shaft 80, I mount 1 In general construction trter is the san signated 83 hat illustrated .i in the frame ot shown),

pport the pivoted- 84 which em t 1n order to forcethe net the tension ofA connecting link 85 s which the clutch lever the customary foot pedtion shown in Fi constructional omitted, the sponds to the as :a bearingf key-way 87 carried bya to'the face of the ca threaded into a hub hub35 of Fig. 1 an the shaft 80 there is 91 of the sam trated in Figs thehub ca form I show traveling nut nut 41 (Fig. or the shaft. in whichengages key 89 suit e general form as that ..1 and 3. Th

' a rewind s of the spring of. or. secured tothelmaiuclutch 79.: Aremitthe spring to wind countershaft-94:substantially identical rpose ofstartingv the with the shaft49xof Fig. 1 carries arewind sprocket andrewind pinion, the former bevthe drawings, have ingconnected by :a chainwith the sprocket n of my starter this 92vand the latter engagingdirectly wlth the ed in rewind gearformed upon the hub 90.

awings, the. be noted that. the clutch members 7 9, 93- are shaft of theso disposed that only one of them may be en.- the flanged. gagedzatwthesame time, that is,.when the wheel 78,.the shaft-.80 is :shifted to theextreme right, as forms-a. female viewedinFig/Z, the clutch 79Jwillengage For cooperating with this with the fiy-wheel 78, while when theshaft vided a maleclutch menu.- isshifted to the extreme left, theclutch 93 'nned to the drive shaft 8.0. will engage with therewindclutch' 92, while gitudinal in anyintermedi'ate position, both ofthese tions clutches will .be. free. lit is therefore clear er mechanismdriven that the fly-Wheel 78 can notfurnishpower ustionengine beingdirectly forv operating .theqrewind clutch 92. is longitudinal move-This :form ofstarter', therefore, is what I de- 'orcing the male clutchnominate the inertia. type, that is, it is deith the fly-wheel signedto, be operated by the inertia of the a helioally-coil'ed. drive shaft80 or of the vehicle or other his a form connected mechanism willberevolving with that illus-. the motor shaft. If thelink 85 be-then op-.nary casingof erated. to shift theclutch -.lever 84 back the sameagainst its collar 82 and withdraw the clutch n Fig. 1, 79 ...fromengagement 1 with the. fly wheel by any .preclutch-member the driveshaft 80 will con This .casing"83- tinu'e..-to revolve for. a limitedtime due-to end of a clutch-. its own inertia, and thatof themechanismt0 braces the drive Whichit lsgconnected, for @instance, a motor r andis-adapted vehicle. If, during this time, the clutch lecollar 82 of thever .84 :is moved sufficiently to shift the shaft latter outwardly 80.to. its extreme outward position, the clutch the clutch spring 81.; 93will engagethe rewind clutch 92 thereby erves as a means by drivingtht;rewind counter-shaft 94 and ay be operated from through it the hub 90 torewind thespring,

In the modificaas described in connection with the operationushing 27 ofthe of.theconstructional form shown in Fig. l.

nin Fig. l is As the-.hub9O revolves it will, by virtue of" 86. whichcorres its] screw-threaded connection, cause the V 1) serving itselftraveling nut 87 to move from its outer pos1- 1 his nut has a tion asshown in Fig. .7, inwardly until it a tongue. 88 abuts against the camexcresoences of the ably secured clutch 91, whereby the drive-shaft 8Owill'be sing 83.. The nut. 86 is' positively shifted inward. against theforce pondingto the ofthe clutch'lever 84 to cause the clutch 93 n thishub. and to disengage from therewind clutch 92. It mounted a rollerclutch will. be understood that ordinarily the conillusnecting link 85of the clutch lever 84 will e outer end of be connected directly to afoot pedal, and

'n g" a "female shifting of the shaft 80. If, however the ooperate witha male I link85 be c'onnectedtoany positively locked med as an integralpart mechanism, such as a ratchet-lockinglever,

' must yield or the like, the lever 84 or its connection to permit ofthis inward movement of the drive-shaft. The spring starter is nowrewound and in condition to serve as a source of power for rotating thefly-wheel 7 8 and through it the internalcombustion engine for startingthe same. t will be understood that in this form of construction theclutch lever 84: must be allowed to move backwardly to permit the clutch7 9 to engage the fly-wheel 78 when it is desired to start the motor.

1n Figs. 9, some modifications of the rewind clutch and starting clutch.In Fig. 9 the main shaft of the starter, designated 95, has a collar 96formed thereon by which the shaft may be shifted to the right by thetraveling nut 97, which corresponds to the nut 11 of Fig. 1, or the nut86 of Fig. 7. This traveling nut '97 is threaded into a hub 98 and isprevented from rotating by the studs 99 with which the slotted ears 100of the nut engage. In place of the roller clutch connecting the hub andthe shaft, as shown in Figs. 1 and 7, I have shown in Fig. 9 a coiledwire similar to the counter-shaft clutches shown in Figs. 1 and 7. Thiscoiled wire clutch, designated 101, has its end 102 secured to the hub98 and its opposite end free and in frictional engagement with the shaft95. It is clear that when the hub 98 turns in the direction indicated bythe arrow in Fig. 9, the free end of the wire coil 101 will by itsfrictional engagement cause the coil to tighten upon the shaft 95 andeventually give a driving engagement with the same. When the hub 98rotates in the opposite direction, however, the wire coil willautomatically loosen itself to permit the hub to turn free of the shaft.

For operating the rewind sprocket 102 of the construction shown in Fig.'9, I have provided a modification of the coiled wire clutch. In thismodification the shaft 95 is surrounded by a bushing 103 which issplined to the shaft as shown at 10 1, to permit of the requisitelongitudinal sliding of the shaft. The coiled wire, here designated 105,has its large end 106 turned outwardly and caught in a suitable aperturein the rewind sprocket 102 and has its small end turned forwardly andengaged in an aperture 107 in a male clutch member 108 mounted forrotation on the end of the rewind sprocket 102 and prevented fromshifting longitudinally with respect thereto by the set-screws 109 whichtravel in the groove 110 turned in the cylindrical hub portion of thesprocket 102. For cooperating with the male clutch 108, there isprovided a female clutch member 111 rigidly secured to the shaft 95 asby a set-screw 112. The rewind sprocket 102 is held in its properassembled relation by a split col 10 and 11, I have illustrated Thebushing 116 has a lar 113 fastened to the face of therewind gear 114 ofthe hub 98 and bearing against a shoulder on 1 the hub of the rewindsprocket.

The operation of the modified form of rewind sprocket clutch shown inFig. 9, is as follows: V7 hen the shaft 95 is shifted to the left bysome suitable means as by the by the lever 84: of

Fig. 7, the female clutch 111 which is securedto the shaft comes intoengagement with the male clutch 108. Continued rotation of the shaft 95therefore operates to turn the clutch member 108 and by its connectionwith the end. of the spring 105 serves to forcibly tighten this springupon the bushing 103, thereby causing the spring and bushing to becomelocked together. The bushing being keyed to the shaft 95 thereforedrives through the spring directly to the rewind sprocket 102, the solefunction of the relatively small or light clutch members 108, 111, beingtherefore to maintain the spring 105 coiled tightly upon its bushing.When the clutch 111 is released as by the inward shifting of the shaft95, which is accomplished by the traveling nut 97 when the spring hasbeen rewound, the clutch member 108 will thereby be f and the elasticityof the-coil 105 will cause it'to unwind, thereby releasing the bushing103 and permitting the sprocket 102 to come torest. It should be notedthat this formof construction differs from the coiled wire clutchhitherto described, in that the coil 105 is so wound as to have a slightclearance upon its mandrel in place of having frictional engagementtherewith as was necessary in the previously described forms of coilclutches. In the normal or unstressed condition of the coil 105therefore it is expanded clear of its bushing 103 and the latter mayrotate in ei her direction without causing the coil to bind. It is onlywhem'by operation of the clutch 108, the coil is tightened upon thebushing that the automatic locking action takes place. While in Fig. 9 1haveshown the clutch 108, 111 as being of the conventional cone orfriction type, it will be readily understood. that this clutch might beof any approved design, such, for instance, as a roller clutch. In Fig.10, I. have shown such'a roller clutch applied to the end of a coil 113designed to replace the coil 101 shown in Fig. 9. e main shaft, heredesignated 95, has formed thereon cam excrescences 11 1 which cooperatewith rollers 115 and a sleeve or bushin 116 to form a complete rollerclutch. flange 117 formed on one end in an aperture of which flange thefree end 118 of the coil 113 is caught. The open end of the bushing 116may be closed by a collarv 119suitably fastened to the bushing and itis'apparent that the bushing 116 ting-the inectedtherewith and one endconnected with s rin from a starter shaft connected with the connectedwith will serve to replace the fixed collar- 96 on theishaft 95. of Fig.9, so that the, assembly represented by Fig.v 10, may be placed bodilywithin the hub mechanism of Fig. 9.

W hile I have shown and described in con siderable detail severalspecific embodiments understood 1 that and descriptionis illustrativethe purpose of making of my invention it is to be t is showing only andfor .ventlon more clear, and that I do; not refollowing claims, tiontofclaim vall novelty inherent ,in my invention as broadlyas isupossiblein view of the prior art. Y Whatl. claim as :new and desire to secure byLetters Patent is zrlblnga springstarter for internal combustionengines, a stationary housing, a startersha'ft connected with the engineand shiftable longitudinally, a spring surroundsaid shaft and havingoneend conousing, means for said shaft, ing said rewind mechanism, andmeans operable by shifting movementof theshaftfor controlling, thesaidclutch, 2. Ill he combination with an internal combustioni engineand mechanism driven thereby of a clutch )adapted to ,releasablv the hrewindin g the said connect the said engine and the said mechanism, aspring-starter housing member, a eng ne and shiftable longitudinallmastarter spr ng surrounding the shaft and having one end-con nectedthereto and one end connected with the housmg,-,means for rewindingthesaid spjringfrom the said shaft, means operable by shiftingmovement ofthe shaftfor, controlling the said rewind mechanism,,and connectionsbetweenlsaid clutchand said shaft for simultaneously moving the two.

' In combination, an internal combustion engine, mechanism driventhereby, a. clutch interposed betweenv thesaid engine and the a saidmecha nlsm, a springstartlng motor connected withthe said engine, meansforrewindingthe spring of. the said motor from the said engine, vandconnections whereby the movement of the said clutch controls thesaidrewindmechanism; p c c 4. Incombinatio-ne an internal combustionanism driventhereby, a clutch engine, mech interposed betwe'enthe saidengine and the said mechanism,.-a spring-starting motor the said engine,means for .rewindingthe spring of t e said motor from thesaid'engine',and means operable by disengagement oftheisaid clutch for engaging hesaid rewind mechanism.

5. In; a spring starterfor internal com bustion startershaftconnectedwith the engineiand shiftablelongitudinally, a spring surrounding thenected thereto and one end connected tosaid housing, rewind mechanismoperable by rotation of said shaft for rewinding the .said spring, meansfor shifting the said shaft in one direction to engagethe said rewindmechanism, and means-for shifting the said shaft in the oppositedirection to. disengage y' the said rewind mechanism.

6. Infa spring starter for bust-ion engines, a stationary housing, astarter shaftconnected with the engine. and shiftable' longitudinally, ahub the shaft, a clutch said hub member rounding the said connected withthe said hubimember and one end connected with housing, rewind gearingconnecting the said shaft and hub for driving the latter in a directionopposite to that of. the formen'a clutch for, operating said rewindmechanism, .and means operable by; shifting movement-of the shaft forcontrolling said rewind clutch.

7. The combination with an internal combustion engine and mechanismdriven thereby of a clutch interposed, between said for releasably'connecting and shaft, a spring surshaft and-having one end engine andsaidmechanism. a spring starter,

shaft formn a spring starter for internal combustion engines, astationary, housing, a

starter shaft connected with the engine and shiftable longitudinally, ahub member upon the shaft, an automatic clutch adapted to releasablyconnect the hub member with the engines, a stationary housing, a'

said shaft and having one end-con internal commember upon shaft, aspringsurrounding the said shaft and having one end connected with thehub and one e-ndconnectedwith the housing, rewlndgearing connecting theshaft and hub for driving the latter in a directionopposite .to that ofthe former, a clutch for operating said-rewind gearing, means operableby rotation of the hubfor shi-ftingthe/said shaft, and meansoperableIbyfitheshifting movementof the shaft for disengagingsaid rewindclutch.

9. In a spring starter for internal combustion engines, a stationaryhousing, a

1 releasably connecting and shaft, a spring surrounding the shaft andhaving one end connected therewith and the other end connected with thehousing, rewind gearing connecting the shaftand hub for driving thelatterin a direction opposite to that of the former, means operable byshifting movement of the shaft for disengaging said rewind gearing, andYa traveling nut having screw-threaded connection with the said hub andadapted to efiect such shifting movement of the shaft upon rotation ofthe said. hub.

10. In a spring starter for internal combustion engines, a stationaryhousing, a starter shaft connected with the engine and shiftablelongitudinally with relation to the said housing, a traveling nutsurrounding the said shaft and adapted to shift the same, a hubsurrounding the said shaft and having screw-threaded engagement with thesaid nut, a spring surrounding the said shaft and having one endconnected with the said hub and one end connected with the housing,rewind gearing connecting the shaft and hub for driving the latter in adirection opposite to that of the former, an automatic one-way coilclutch for connecting the said shaft and hub, and a clutch for operatingsaid rewind gearing, said clutchbeing operable by shifting movement ofthe said shaft.

' 11. In a spring starter for internal combustion engines, a stationaryhousing, a starter shaft connected with the engine, a

hub member surrounding the said shaft, a

spring interposed between said hub member and said housing, a clutchadapted to connect said hub and said shaft for driving the latter fromthe former by power of the said spring, a counter-shaft mounted parallelwith said first-named shaft, a clutch for transmitting power from saidshaft to said counter-shaft and from the latter to said hub for drivingthe latter in a direction to rewind the said spring, means for releasingsaid counter-shaft from said shaft, and an automatic clutch for lockingthe said counter-shaft against reverse rotation.

12.- In a spring starter for internal comtions for driving from saldbustion engines, a stationary housing, a

shaft arranged centrally therein and connected with the engine, a hubmember surrounding the said shaft within the casing, a springsurrounding the said shaft and hav ing one end connected with the hubmember and one end connected with the housing, an automatic clutch forconnecting the said hub and shaft to communicate power from the formerto the latter, av counter-shaft mounted parallel with the said shaft,gear connecshaft to said counter-shaft and from the latter to said hubfor rewinding the spring, a releasable clutch mounted upon said shaftfor driving said rewind gearing, an automatic clutch for locking saidcountershaft against reverse movement, and means for releasing saidlast-named clutch.

13. In a spring starter for internal combustion engines, a stationaryhousing, a starter shaft connected with the engine and shiftablelongitudinally with relation to the said housing, a hub member upon theshaft, an automatic clutch connecting the hub member and shaft fordriving from the former to the latter, a spring surrounding the saidshaft and having one end connected to the said hub member and one endconnected to the housing, a traveling nut having screw-threadedengagement with the said hub and splined to the said housing,connections between said nut and said shaft for shifting the latter fromthe former, a rewind counter-shaft mounted parallel with said shaft,driving connections between said shaft and said rewind counter-shaft andbetween the latter and said hub, means operable by shifting movement ofthe shaft for engaging and disengaging the said driving connections, anautomatic clutch for preventing reverse rotation of said countershaft,and means for releasing said clutch.

In presence of A. C. Fisonnn, K. ONEI L.

- Cepies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Eatents,

Washington, D. 0;

